ITF Transport Outlook 2019 by ITF

Author:ITF
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: environment/finance/regions/industry/trade/transport
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Published: 2019-05-22T00:00:00+00:00

Notes

← 1. See www.itf-oecd.org/outlook for model details.

← 2. Excluding public transit; see glossary for more details.

← 3. See glossary for a definition of free-floating.

← 4. OECD Pacific countries include Australia, Japan, New Zealand and South Korea; transition economies include Former Soviet Union countries and non-EU south-eastern European countries.

← 5. Although flexible working arrangements involving teleworking that do not reduce trips to the office can also have an impact on travel demand patterns and congestion, the emissions reductions resulting from these arrangements is assumed to be lower than teleworking activity that reduces total trips to the office.

← 6. Since the PGi survey sample targets digitally-enabled workers, it likely overestimates the proportion of teleworkers in the total employed population.

← 7. https://www.federalreserve.gov/publications/2018-economic-well-being-of-us-households-in-2017-employment.htm

← 8. Non-transport related impacts are numerous, ranging from increased productivity, reduced exposure to air pollution, increased accessibility to employment, and greater employee well-being.

← 9. Ben-Elia et al. (2018) also call for future research on the relationship between ICT (including teleworking activity) and travel behaviour that addresses the possible simultaneity between the two as well as the possibility that unobserved confounding factors may be responsible for the direct impacts that have been documented thus far.

← 10. In 2018, the ITF published a report entitled Safer Roads with Automated Vehicles? (ITF, 2018a), on which much of this section is heavily based.

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